Vishu is one of the most important festivals for Malayalis across the world. Observed as the Malayalam New Year, this Hindu spring festival marks a time of new beginnings, prosperity, and spiritual renewal. Celebrated mainly in Kerala and certain parts of Tamil Nadu, Vishu combines astrological, cultural, and mythological significance.
What is Vishu?
Vishu marks the beginning of the Malayalam calendar year, known as Kolla Varsham. It usually falls in mid-April, when the Sun enters the zodiac sign Mesha Rashi (Aries) , an event called Mesha Sankranti. This planetary transition is believed to be highly auspicious and is seen as a perfect time to start new ventures, seek blessings, and welcome prosperity.
The word “Vishu” comes from the Sanskrit word meaning “equal,” referring to the period around the spring equinox, when day and night are nearly equal in length. This balance of light and darkness is symbolic of harmony in life, which is at the heart of Vishu’s message.
Vishu 2025 Date and Time
In 2025, Vishu will be celebrated on Monday, April 14. According to the Hindu calendar and Drik Panchang, the most auspicious time to view the Vishu Kani the sacred first sight of the new year is at 3:30 AM. Many families prepare the Vishu Kani the night before so that it can be viewed early in the morning, ideally before sunrise.
The Historical and Mythological Origins of Vishu
Vishu is deeply rooted in Hindu mythology and Kerala's cultural traditions. Several ancient stories are linked to the origin of this festival:
Lord Krishna and Narakasura: One of the most popular stories says that Lord Krishna defeated the evil demon Narakasura on this day. His victory is celebrated as a symbol of the triumph of good over evil, making Vishu a spiritually uplifting occasion.
Return of Surya Dev (Sun God): Another legend says that the demon king Ravana prevented the Sun from rising in the east. After Ravana’s death, the Sun resumed its journey, beginning again to rise in the east on Vishu. This return is seen as the restoration of natural order, marking the beginning of a new cycle.
These myths make Vishu not just a New Year celebration but also a festival that highlights divine intervention, light, truth, and renewal.
Significance of Vishu in the Malayalam Culture
Vishu is more than a calendar event; it is a celebration of hope, abundance, and blessings. It is considered one of the most spiritually significant days in the Malayalam calendar. Here’s why it holds such deep meaning:
Spiritual Significance: Vishu is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and Lord Krishna, who are worshipped for protection, success, and balance in life.
Cultural Significance: Vishu strengthens family bonds through shared rituals, food, and customs. It is also seen as a time to reflect on the past and make positive resolutions for the year ahead.
Astrological Significance: Celebrated on Mesha Sankranti, Vishu is considered the start of the zodiac new year in many parts of India, not just in Kerala.
Vishu 2025 Rituals and Celebrations
The rituals of Vishu are rich in symbolism and are practiced with devotion and attention to detail. Each part of the celebration has a specific meaning and purpose.
1. Vishu Kani: The Sacred First Sight
The Vishu Kani is the first thing one sees on Vishu morning and is believed to bring luck and prosperity for the entire year. The Kani is arranged the night before in front of a deity of Lord Krishna or Lord Vishnu.
The items used in a traditional Vishu Kani include:
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Raw rice (symbol of abundance)
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Golden cucumber and seasonal fruits (harvest)
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Coconut (auspiciousness)
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Flowers, especially Konna flowers (Cassia fistula, symbolizing prosperity)
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Coins and currency notes (wealth)
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Mirror (self-reflection)
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Oil lamp or Nilavilakku (light and knowledge)
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A holy text, often the Ramayana
Family members wake up early and are guided, with eyes closed, to view the Vishu Kani. This ritual is believed to set a positive tone for the rest of the year.
2. Vishu Kaineettam: Giving and Blessings
After the Vishu Kani, elders give money or small gifts to children and younger members of the family. This practice is known as Vishu Kaineettam. It is a way of sharing blessings, wishing others prosperity, and passing on family traditions.
3. Vishu Paddakam: Fireworks and Joy
Especially popular among children, Vishu Paddakam refers to the bursting of firecrackers during the festival. It is considered a joyful ritual that adds a celebratory mood to the day.
4. Reading the Ramayana
After the Kani is seen, it is customary to read or listen to verses from the Ramayana, one of the most revered Hindu epics. This is done to invite divine blessings and moral strength for the year ahead.
5. Vishu Sadya: The Festive Feast
The Vishu Sadya is a grand vegetarian meal served on a banana leaf. It includes a wide variety of dishes—usually between 20 to 30 items. Some of the key dishes are:
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Aviyal (mixed vegetables in coconut gravy)
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Thoran (stir-fried vegetables with grated coconut)
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Rasam (spiced tamarind soup)
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Kaalan (yogurt and plantain curry)
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Olan (white gourd in coconut milk)
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Sambar, pickle, papad, and several types of Payasam (sweet puddings)
The Sadya represents abundance, gratitude, and community spirit, and is one of the most anticipated aspects of the festival.
Vishu 2025 is a deeply meaningful occasion rooted in tradition, astrology, and mythology. From the serene Vishu Kani to the joyful Vishu Sadya, every aspect of the celebration brings families together, spreads happiness, and inspires a fresh start filled with hope and positivity.
As Kerala and Malayalis around the world prepare for this special day, Vishu remains a beautiful reminder of life’s balance, the value of family, and the enduring power of tradition.
