Every year, India celebrates National Women’s Day on February 13 to honor the birth anniversary of Sarojini Naidu, a distinguished poet, freedom fighter, and politician. Known as the "Nightingale of India," she was not just a literary genius but also a strong advocate for farmers’ rights, women’s empowerment, and national independence.
As we commemorate National Women’s Day 2025, it is essential to remember Sarojini Naidu’s relentless efforts in shaping India’s agricultural and social landscape. Her contributions to the nation's independence and her relentless pursuit of social justice have left an indelible mark on Indian history.
Born on February 13, 1879, in Hyderabad, Sarojini Naidu was a prodigious talent from a young age. She entered the University of Madras at just 12 and later pursued higher studies in England at King's College London and Girton College, Cambridge. Her literary prowess earned her acclaim, but it was her dedication to India's freedom struggle and women's empowerment that truly distinguished her.
In 1916, Naidu played a pivotal role in advocating for the rights of indigo farmers in Champaran, Bihar. These farmers were subjected to oppressive practices by British planters, who forced them to cultivate indigo instead of essential food crops, leading to widespread suffering. Naidu's involvement in this movement highlighted her commitment to social justice and her willingness to confront colonial exploitation.
Beyond her activism for farmers, Naidu was a staunch advocate for women's rights. In 1917, she co-founded the Women's Indian Association (WIA) alongside Annie Besant and others. The WIA advocated causes such as women's suffrage, education for widows, and the removal of societal barriers hindering women's progress. Naidu's leadership in this organization underscored her vision for an inclusive society where women could participate equally in all spheres.
Her political journey saw several historic milestones. In 1925, Naidu became the first Indian woman to preside over the Indian National Congress, reflecting her esteemed position in the national movement. Following India's independence in 1947, she was appointed as the governor of the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh), making her the first woman to hold the position of state governor in India.
Naidu's legacy is multifaceted. As a poet, her works like "The Golden Threshold" and "The Bird of Time" are celebrated for their lyrical beauty and depth. As a freedom fighter, her contributions were instrumental in mobilizing support against colonial rule. As a women's rights advocate, her efforts laid the foundation for future advancements in gender equality in India.
National Women's Day serves as a reminder of the progress made and the challenges that remain in the quest for gender equality. It is a day to honor the contributions of women like Sarojini Naidu, who dedicated their lives to the nation's betterment. Their stories inspire current and future generations to continue striving for a society where every individual, regardless of gender, has the opportunity to thrive.
As we commemorate National Women's Day 2025, let us reflect on the enduring legacy of Sarojini Naidu and reaffirm our commitment to the principles she championed. Her life exemplifies the power of resilience, intellect, and compassion in effecting meaningful change.
