The potato, which originated in South America, is today grown all over the world. It is a member of the Solanaceae family. Potatoes have a unique nutritional value. It's also employed in a variety of industrial processes, including the manufacture of starch and alcohol. Potato has been grown in practically all of India's states for at least 300 years or maybe even more than that.
Following are the varieties of potato produced in India.
1. Kufri Sindhuri- Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, and Jammu Kashmir are the leading producers of this potato cultivar. This potato crop takes 110-120 days to develop. To a degree, this potato can withstand temperature and water stress. Eyes that are medium in size and deep in colour. Early blight resistance is moderate, and it can withstand the Potato Leaf Roll Virus. This potato has an average yield of 40 tonnes per acre.
This potato is suitable for processing.
2. Kufri Chandramukhi- Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, and West Bengal are the main producers. This potato crop takes 80-90 days to develop. Large, round, white, somewhat flattened eyes, and white flesh that is dull. This potato has an average yield of 25 tonnes per acre.
This potato is suitable for making instant flakes and chips.
3. Kufri Jyoti- Bihar, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, and West Bengal are the main producers. The eyes are small and swift, and the flesh is white. This potato has an average yield of 20 tonnes per acre. Early and late blight resistance is moderate in this potato.
This potato is suitable for processing purpose.
4. Kufri Lauvkar- Mainly grown in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka. Large and round in shape with fleet eyes and white flesh. Yields faster in warm climate. Average yield is about 30 tonnes per hectare.
This potato is suitable for making chips.
5. KufriBadshah- Mostly grown in Jammu Kashmir, Haryana, Punjab, Gujrat, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. This potato crop matures in 100-110 days. Average yield is about 50 tonnes per hectare.
This potato is suitable for cooking.
6. KufriBahar- Mostly grown in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu Kashmir. Large and round-oval in shape with medium deep eyes. This potato crop matures in 100-110 days. Average yield of this potato is about 45 tonnes per hectare.
7. KufriLalima- This potato crop is mostly grown in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Large to medium in size and slightly red colour with medium deep eyes and white flesh. This potato crop matures in 100-110 days and average yield is about 40 tonnes per hectare. This potato is moderately resistant to early blight and resistant to Potato Virus Y. This potato is not suitable for processing.
8. Kufri Jawahar- Mainly grown in Haryana, Punjab, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka. Medium in size and round-oval shape and creamy white colour with fleet eyes and pale yellow flesh. This potato crop matures in 80-90 days. And average yield is about 40 tonnes per hectare. This potato is moderately resistant to late blight disease.
This potato is suitable for cooking/table purpose.
9. Kufri Sutlej- This crop is mostly grown in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh. Large and oval in shape with fleet eyes and white flesh. This potato crop matures in 90-100 days and yield is about 40 tonnes per hectare. This potato is moderately resistant to late blight disease.
This potato is suitable for table purpose/cooking.
10. Kufri Ashoka- Mostly grown in Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Large and oval-long in shape with fleet eyes and white flesh. This potato crop matures in 70-80 days and average yield is about 40 tonnes per hectare.
This potato is suitable for table purpose.
11. Kufri Pukhraj- Mostly grown in Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal. Large, oval and slightly tapered in shape with fleet eyes and yellow flesh. This potato crop matures in 70-90 days and average yield is about 40 tonnes per hectare. This potato is resistant to early bight disease and moderately resistant to late blight disease.
12. Kufri Chipsona-1- Mostly grown in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Medium to large size and oval in shape with fleet eyes and dull white flesh. This potato crop matures in 90-110 days and average yield is about 40 tonnes per hectare. This potato is resistant to late blight disease and tolerant to frost.
This potato is suitable for making chips and French fries.
13. Kufri Chipsona-2- Mostly grown in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Medium in size and round oval shape with fleet eyes and yellow flesh. This potato crop matures in 90-110 days and average yield is about 35 tonnes per hectare. This potato is resistant to late blight disease and tolerant to frost.
This potato is suitable for preparing chips and French fries.
14. Kufri Anand- Mostly grown in plains Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Medium size and oval-long and flattened in shape with fleet eyes, smooth skin and white flesh. This potato crop matures in 100-110 days and yield is about 35-40 tonnes per hectare.
This potato is suitable for making French fries.
(Also read about Commercial Potato Farming)
And one more variety is introduced in recent years, Kufri Lima. It can bear high temperature and is virus resistant and give higher yield in compare to other potato varieties.
Reference- nhb.gov.in
