Wheat the most staple crop of human origin has been in food habits of general population since centuries. We all consume it for our daily requirements of nutrients and fulfill our need to enhance the energy level. We can’t even think of our food without this important crop.
It's been ages that we have been consuming it and seen many changes which have to lead to its improvement and enhancement not only in terms of quantity but quality also. A number of researches are being gone on worldwide to enhance the production of wheat.
We've been going through a lot of wheat varieties in the market, and there are still a lot more to go through. There are a number of hybrid types available on the market that has evolved from wild cousins. Here we present some of the most recent high-yielding wheat varieties that have been introduced after extensive testing and trials and have proven to be improved in a variety of ways.
Best Varieties of Wheat
Wheat Varieties for Rabi Season
Hi 8759 (Puja Tejas)
One of the varieties of wheat has a high level of rust resistance. It is a high yielding durum wheat variety with an average yield of >5.7t/ha and potential yield of 7.6t/ha, was released for timely sown irrigated conditions of Central Zone (CZ) by the Central Sub- Committee on Crop Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops.
It is dual purpose variety suitable for making chapatti, pasta and other traditional food products along with high protein content (12%), B-Carotene (5.7 ppm). Less gruel solid loss, high overall acceptability (7.5) and essential micronutrients like iron (42.1 ppm) and zinc (42.8 ppm).
HD 4728(Pusa Malawi)
The variety gives an average yield of 5.42 t/ha with the maximum genetic potential of 6.8t/ha. A durum wheat variety, released and notified for the timely sown irrigated condition of Central Zone comprising Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Gujarat, Kota, and Udaipur divisions of Rajasthan and Jhansi division of Uttar Pradesh.
This is a semi-dwarf variety (90 cm) having high tillering capacity, 120 days maturity duration with a high degree of resistance to leaf and stem rusts. The variety possesses amber-colored, lustrous bold grains (48.3g/1000- kernels) and superior quality traits for end-use in semolina-based industries.
HW 5207 (COW3)
This variety is known for possessing the genes Lr24+Sr2 and Yr15 for conferring a high degree of resistance to leaf, stem, and yellow rusts. It was released from Tamil Nadu state. The variety gave an average yield of 4.08 t/ha suited for the short winter conditions of Tamil Nadu.
HS 562
This variety is known for having a good chapatti score (7.6) and bread-making qualities. It is also known for its micronutrient contents like iron (38.4ppm) and zinc (34.5ppm). It has a combination of rust resistance genes (Yr A+, Lr23, Sr8a+Sr8b) to combat rust pathogens.
It’s a high-yielding wheat variety, with an average grain yield of 3.6t/ha under rainfed and 5.2 t/ha under irrigated conditions of the Northern Hills Zone. It was released and notified by the Central Sub- Committee on Crop Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops.
HD 3171
The variety is mostly known for its resistance to yellow, brown and black rusts both under natural and artificial epiphytotic conditions during three years of testing. The resistance base in HD 3171 for yellow rust is postulated on the basis of the It'sunknown resistance gene, and for brown rust, it is based on the slow rusting gene, Lr 13 along with Lr 10.
It is a high-yielding wheat variety with an average yield of 2.81 t/ha, was released for commercial cultivation under rainfed conditions of North Eastern Plains Zone by Central Sub-Committee on Crop Standard, Notification and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops.
HD 1605 (Pusa Ujala)
The variety is famous for its ability of resistance to black and brown rusts and also has a good level of resistance to flag smut, Karnal bunt, leaf blight, and foot rot diseases. It has excellent chapatti-making quality, good sedimentation value (-55 ml), high protein (-13%), and a high amount of micronutrients like iron (43 ppm) and zinc ( 35 ppm).
It is a high yielding bread wheat variety, HI 1605 with an average yield of >3.0 t/ha and potential yield up of 4.4 t/ha under timely sown, restricted irrigation conditions of Peninsular Zone, was released by the Central Sub-Committee on Crop Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops. The variety is medium structured, lodging tolerant, and matures in 105 to 110 days.
The seeds of the above-mentioned wheat varieties can be obtained from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Pusa, New Delhi.
