Swarna Gaurav is an improved faba bean (Vicia faba L.) variety developed by the ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar. Recognized for its high yield, superior nutritional profile, and lower levels of anti-nutritional factors, this variety has been officially released by the Bihar State Varietal Release Committee (SVRC) for commercial cultivation. Swarna Gaurav has proven to be more productive and nutritionally superior compared to existing cultivars, offering farmers a sustainable and economically viable option.
Why Swarna Gaurav Matters
Faba bean is ranked as the fourth most important legume crop globally, following dry beans, chickpeas, and peas. While its primary role is providing high protein content also considered a natural nitrogen fixer, enriching soil health and improving overall farm sustainability. Swarna Gaurav stands out for its:
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High yield potential, significantly outperforming check varieties.
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Low tannin and phytate content make it nutritionally superior.
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Adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions.
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Enhanced performance in intercropping systems, particularly with potato, maize, and lentils.
Climate and Soil Suitability
Swarna Gaurav thrives in rainfed and irrigated conditions and is well-suited for rabi season cultivation across various agroecological zones. Key environmental requirements include:
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Soil type: Sandy loam to clay loam with normal pH and medium fertility.
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Climate: Performs best in cool-season conditions, making it an ideal winter crop.
Swarna Gaurav is highly adaptable and can be grown in:
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Rainfed and irrigated conditions.
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Various agroecological zones range from plains to hilly regions.
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Sandy loam to clay loam soils, with normal pH and medium fertility for optimum yield.
Land Preparation
To achieve optimal growth and yield, proper land preparation is crucial. Farmers should:
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Land should be well-tilled and leveled to facilitate uniform germination.
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Furrow irrigation and raised bed planting (FIRB) help in optimized resource utilization.
Sowing and Planting Guidelines
For best results:
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Recommended square planting (30 cm spacing) for efficient use of space and sunlight.
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The ideal sowing period is during the early rabi season under assured irrigation.
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Works well in intercropping systems, complementing nitrogen-dependent crops.
Irrigation Management
Timely irrigation significantly enhances productivity:
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First irrigation: Before flowering, to support healthy bloom development.
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Second irrigation: Post-podding stage, ensuring optimal seed formation.
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Timely irrigation significantly improves yield quality.
Nutrient Management
The balanced nutrient application includes:
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Basal dose: N: P: K: S: Zn @ 25:60:40:30:5 kg/ha.
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Topdressing of urea at the pre-flowering stage, following light irrigation.
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Foliar spray: Zinc (0.5%) and boron (50 ppm) to further boost yield quality.
Weed Management
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Timely weeding ensures better resource utilization and healthy crop growth.
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Raised bed planting helps suppress weeds naturally.
Pest & Disease Resistance
Swarna Gaurav has demonstrated moderate resistance to major insect pests and fungal diseases. Farmers can minimize risks through:
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Proper seed treatment before sowing.
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Timely crop rotation breaks pest and disease cycles.
Harvesting and Yield Potential
This variety matures earlier, making it ideal for timely harvesting:
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Maturity period: 120-125 days.
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First green pod picking: 90-95 days after sowing.
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Yield under sole cropping: 4.0-5.0 t/ha.
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Yield under intercropping: 2.0-2.6 t/ha.
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Yield advantage over Vikrant: 36%.
Post-Harvest Handling
To maintain seed quality, it is essential to:
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Ensure proper drying and moisture control during storage.
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Use pest-proof storage methods to prevent infestations.
Economic and Cultural Importance
Beyond its agricultural benefits, Swarna Gaurav holds economic and cultural significance:
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Boosts farmer incomes through higher yields and better market demand.
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Supports sustainable farming by enriching the soil through nitrogen fixation.
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Locally known as "Bakla", it is an integral part of traditional Indian diets.
Recognition
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Developed by ICAR Research Complex for the Eastern Region.
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Officially recommended for cultivation by Bihar State Varietal Release Committee (SVRC).
Quality Attributes
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Seed weight: 1000-seed weight – 281.80 g.
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Pod length: 4.0 - 4.5 cm.
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Nutritional highlights:
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Protein: 31.12%.
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Dietary Fiber: 13.49%.
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Iron: 2420 mg/kg.
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Lower tannin and phytate levels, making it healthier than check varieties.
Export Potential
With its nutritional advantages and higher yield, Swarna Gaurav presents a promising opportunity for global markets, especially for:
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Health-conscious consumers who are seeking a low anti-nutritional legume option.
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International buyers are looking for high-quality protein sources.
Swarna Gaurav is more than just an improved faba bean variety—it’s a strategic breakthrough in agricultural innovation. With higher yields, superior nutrition, and wide adaptability, it not only benefits farmers but also contributes to sustainable food production. Whether cultivated as a sole crop or in intercropping systems, this variety is set to enhance profitability and food security in India and beyond. It stands as an ideal choice for sustainable agriculture and improved farmer profitability.
