Wheat is one of the major staple foods in India, especially in northern and central parts of the country. With growing concerns over malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, there is a pressing need for crops that not only yield more but also offer better nutrition. Recognizing this, scientists at ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), in collaboration with the All India Coordinated Research Project on Wheat and Barley (AICRPW&B), have developed Pusa Tejas (HI 8759). It is a biofortified durum wheat variety that promises both high yield and nutritional security.
Durum wheat is mainly used in making semolina products like pasta, noodles, and traditional foods such as daliya and sewai. However, older durum varieties often lacked resilience and nutrition. Pusa Tejas has changed that by offering a modern, farmer-friendly, and nutritionally rich option that adapts well to diverse agro-climatic conditions.
Nutritional Superiority
What sets Pusa Tejas apart is its enhanced nutritional value. It is biofortified with high levels of iron (40 ppm), zinc (40 ppm), and protein (13 percent). These nutrients are crucial in fighting malnutrition, especially among rural communities where wheat is a primary food source. Including Pusa Tejas in the diet can help address iron-deficiency anemia and other micronutrient-related issues without needing dietary supplements.
For farming families, this means growing wheat that not only feeds them but also strengthens their health. With growing demand for functional foods, Pusa Tejas wheat products could also fetch higher value in niche health-conscious markets.
Agronomic Features and Performance
Pusa Tejas is suitable for timely sown, irrigated conditions across Central and Peninsular India, especially in states like Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and parts of Karnataka. The variety matures early, in about 110 to 115 days, allowing farmers to better plan their crop cycles and even accommodate short-season crops after wheat.
It has good tolerance against yellow rust and leaf rust, two major diseases affecting wheat crops. The plant has strong stems, good grain quality, and bold amber-colored kernels preferred in both domestic and export markets. It performs consistently well in both medium and deep black soils, often achieving yields of 5.5 to 6 tonnes per hectare under recommended practices.
Crop Management and Input Needs
Pusa Tejas does not require any special input beyond standard agronomic care. Farmers are advised to use certified seeds, prepare the field with proper tillage, and maintain optimal seed spacing. Recommended sowing time is from early to mid-November. Fertilizer application based on soil testing ensures better uptake of nutrients and maximizes yield.
Like other durum wheats, this variety benefits from a slightly higher nitrogen application compared to bread wheat. Regular weeding, timely irrigation, and crop monitoring help farmers manage pests and diseases effectively. Because of its short growing period, the variety also reduces water and labor costs, making it more economical.
Market Opportunities and End Use
There is increasing demand for quality durum wheat in the food processing industry. Pusa Tejas, with its high semolina content, is ideal for making pasta, macaroni, noodles, and traditional Indian snacks. Its nutritional profile makes it even more attractive for premium food segments. Farmers can earn better returns if they connect with mills and processors seeking high-quality raw material for health-oriented products.
This variety also fits well into the National Nutrition Strategy and other government initiatives focused on biofortification. Promoting Pusa Tejas through farmer producer organizations and state agriculture departments could strengthen its market presence and ensure better adoption.
Pusa Tejas (HI 8759) is a remarkable advancement in Indian wheat breeding. It combines high yield, disease resistance, early maturity, and rich nutrition, making it a true win for both farmers and consumers. Its biofortified content of iron, zinc, and protein makes it a frontline crop in India’s fight against hidden hunger. With rising demand for healthier food options, Pusa Tejas is not just a wheat variety, it is a smart and sustainable farming choice for the future.
