Biofortification is an agricultural process that enhances the nutritional quality of food crops through conventional plant breeding techniques or modern biotechnology. In a country like India, where rice is a staple food for a large portion of the population, biofortified rice varieties play a crucial role in combating nutritional deficiencies, particularly those related to protein and micronutrients like zinc. This guide delves into some of the most notable biofortified rice varieties developed in India, highlighting their key features, adaptability, and the benefits they offer to both farmers and consumers.
CR Dhan 310
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Developed by the ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, CR Dhan 310 is an exceptional biofortified variety that shines with its high protein content of 10.3%, which is more than 7.0-8.0% found in conventional varieties.
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It has a maturity period of 125 days and a grain yield of 45.0 q/ha.
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This variety is designed for irrigated mid-early conditions during the kharif season and it is well-suited for regions such as Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh.
DRR Dhan 45
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DRR Dhan 45 is a zinc-rich rice variety containing 22.6 ppm of zinc, compared to the 12.0-16.0 ppm found in most popular varieties.
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Released by the ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, in 2016, it is ideal for irrigated conditions in the kharif season.
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The variety has a grain yield of 50.0 q/ha and a maturity period of 130 days and it is adapted to Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.
DRR Dhan 48
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DRR Dhan 48 offers an impressive zinc content of 24.0 ppm and a high grain yield of 52.0 q/ha.
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This variety, developed by ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, is suited for irrigated conditions during the kharif season and has a longer maturity period of 138 days.
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Released in 2018, DRR Dhan 48 is adaptable to Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Kerala.
DRR Dhan 49
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DRR Dhan 49 features the highest zinc content among its peers at 25.2 ppm.
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Developed by the ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, this variety is suitable for both kharif and rabi seasons.
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With a grain yield of 50.0 q/ha and a 130-day maturity period, DRR Dhan 49 is best suited for Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Kerala.
Zinco Rice MS
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Zinco Rice MS is known for its remarkable zinc content of 27.4 ppm, the highest among biofortified varieties.
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Developed by Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, it is adaptable to both rainfed and irrigated conditions during the kharif season.
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Released in 2018, Zinco Rice MS has a grain yield of 58.0 q/ha and a maturity period of 135 days, making it ideal for Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, and Odisha.
CR Dhan 311 (Mukul)
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CR Dhan 311 offers a balanced nutrient profile with 10.1% protein and 20.1 ppm of zinc.
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This variety released by the ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, is suitable for rainfed shallow lowland and medium land conditions in the kharif season.
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It has a grain yield of 46.2 q/ha and a maturity period of 124 days and it is specifically adapted to Odisha.
CR Dhan 315
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CR Dhan 315 features a zinc content of 24.9 ppm and is designed for irrigated conditions during the kharif season.
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Developed by the ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, this variety has a grain yield of 50.0 q/ha and matures in 130 days.
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It is well-suited for Maharashtra and Gujarat, providing a valuable option for these regions.
These biofortified rice varieties represent a significant step towards improving nutritional outcomes for millions of people. By focusing on enhancing protein and zinc levels, they address key dietary deficiencies while ensuring high yield and adaptability to various conditions. As these varieties continue to be adopted, they hold the promise of making a substantial impact on public health.
