Groundnut or Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a very important oilseed crop and covers an area of 5.85 m ha with production of 8.26 m tons. The major groundnut growing states in India are Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Karnataka. Today we will talk about best varieties of Groundnut in India.
Top 10 varieties of Groundnut in India
Check out 10 important varieties of Groundnut grown in India;
Kadiri 2: This variety is prevalently grown in Andhra Pradesh. Its maturity period is 115-125 days. The yield potential of this variety is 17 to 20 quintals per hectare. The height of plants usually range between 23-28 cm. The oil percentage in seeds is around 43.75 and the seeds are medium sized and brownish rose in color. It is efficient in fixing atmospheric nitrogen. The shelling percentage of this variety is 76.
Kadiri 3: This variety was specifically released for Andhra Pradesh but now is spread to whole country. It takes 100- 110 days for maturity. The average yield is estimated to be 17 – 20 quintals per hectare. The plants are usually smaller in size and the pods are smooth & short, present near the root zone and can be easily uprooted by hands. It is also suitable for summer season. The seeds contain approx. 44.7% oil and are medium sized & oblong in shape. It’s shelling percentage is around 72.
A.K-12-24: It is a bunch type of variety recommended for parts of Maharashtra, Orissa & Madhya Pradesh and even Rajasthan. It gives an average yield of 12 – 15 quintals/ ha. This variety shows high adaptability and is suited for medium to heavy soils. The percentage of oil in this variety of seeds is observed to be 48.5 while shelling percentage is around 75.
Also Read - Groundnuts: What are the Benefits and Side Effects of Eating Peanuts?
TG – 1: It is also known as Vikram variety of groundnut and is cultivated throughout the country. The estimated yield is 20-25 Quintals/ha. It is a late maturing variety with bold pod & profuse branching. The seeds contain 46.5 % of oil & shelling out turn is 68%.
TG – 17: This variety is best suited for cultivation in Maharashtra for summer season. The yield of this variety is 20-27 quintals per hectare. The seed are light pink in color and contain 49% of oil. The fresh seed dormancy is observed to be up to 30 days. The shelling percentage is 69.
Karad 4- 11: This variety is popularly grown in Satara, Sangali, Kolhapur, Solapur & Pune districts of Maharashtra. It is a spreading variety which matures in 145 days. It can be grown in both rabi as well as kharif seasons. The yield of this variety is between 10-20 Quintal/ha. It has medium to long pods with 2-3 seeds while the seeds contain 48% of oil. The shelling percentage is 72.
Kopergaon 1: It is suitable for cultivation in the Sangli and Kolhapur districts of Maharashtra. It is a semi spreading variety which matures in 120 days. It can also be grown in both rabi and kharif seasons and has a yield potential of about 15-20 quintal/ha. The pod size is medium and oil content of seeds is 48%. The shelling percentage is 72.
Kopergaon 3: This is a bunch type variety of Groundnut, recommended for cultivation in western Maharashtra. It is an early maturing variety and suitable to grow under irrigated conditions. The yield potential of this variety is 13- 18 Quintal/ha and the oil content is 47 %. The shelling out turn is observed to be 70%.
T 64: It is a spreading variety popularly grown in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The maturity period of this variety is 115- 120 days with dark green foliage. It shows moderate resistance to the tikka disease and gives a yield of 20-25 quintals/ha. Seeds are bold and attractive and have 49% of oil content. The shelling percentage is 70.
Chitra: This is again a quite popular variety of Uttar Pradesh with maturity period of 108-112 days. The average yield is 25-30 quintals/ha. The leaves are dark green and the seeds are medium sized and contain 49% of oil. The shelling percentage of this variety is 72.
